Petrology and geochemistry of the central North Fiji Basin spreading centre (Southwest Pacific) between 16°S and 22°S
Identifieur interne : 00DC81 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 00DC80; suivant : 00DC82Petrology and geochemistry of the central North Fiji Basin spreading centre (Southwest Pacific) between 16°S and 22°S
Auteurs : Jean-Philippe Eissen ; Christian Lefe Vre [France] ; Patrick Maillet [Australie] ; Gilles Morvan [France] ; Masato Nohara [Japon]Source :
- Marine Geology [ 0025-3227 ] ; 1991.
Descripteurs français
- Wicri :
- geographic : Fidji.
- topic : Géochimie, Ressource minérale, Essence, Pétrologie.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- Acad, Aphyric, Approximate location, Auzende, Axial, Axial graben, Axial ridge, Babb, Babb affinity, Babb field, Basalt, Basaltic, Basaltic pillow, Basin, Bassin, Brest, Bretagne, Bretagne occidentale, Bulk rock, Bulk rock analyses, Bulk rock compositions, Calcic, Centre, Clinopyroxene, Complete disequilibrium, Cruise, Crust, Crystal fractionation, Disequilibrium, Eissen, Euhedral, Fiji, Fiji basin, Geochemical, Geochemistry, Geological survey, Glass compositions, Graben, Hebrides, Host glass, Illow, Jean charcot, Kaiyo, Kroenke, Lafoy, Lava, Magma, Magma batches, Maillet, Mantle source, Mariana, Mariana trough, Melchior, Microphenocrysts, Microprobe, Mineral resources, Morb, Morbs, Morphology, Occidentale, Olivine, Olivine phenocrysts, Other samples, Other segments, Pelletier, Petrol, Petrology, Phenocryst, Phenocrysts, Phyric, Phyric basalts, Pillow, Plagioclase, Plagioclase olivine clinopyroxene, Propagating, Rift, Seapso, Segment, Sinton, Sio2, Skeletal microphenocrysts, Sodic, Station number, Subduction, Tio2, Triple junction, Triple junction area, Variation diagrams.
- Teeft :
- Acad, Aphyric, Approximate location, Auzende, Axial, Axial graben, Axial ridge, Babb, Babb affinity, Babb field, Basalt, Basaltic, Basaltic pillow, Basin, Bassin, Brest, Bretagne, Bretagne occidentale, Bulk rock, Bulk rock analyses, Bulk rock compositions, Calcic, Centre, Clinopyroxene, Complete disequilibrium, Cruise, Crust, Crystal fractionation, Disequilibrium, Eissen, Euhedral, Fiji, Fiji basin, Geochemical, Geochemistry, Geological survey, Glass compositions, Graben, Hebrides, Host glass, Illow, Jean charcot, Kaiyo, Kroenke, Lafoy, Lava, Magma, Magma batches, Maillet, Mantle source, Mariana, Mariana trough, Melchior, Microphenocrysts, Microprobe, Mineral resources, Morb, Morbs, Morphology, Occidentale, Olivine, Olivine phenocrysts, Other samples, Other segments, Pelletier, Petrol, Petrology, Phenocryst, Phenocrysts, Phyric, Phyric basalts, Pillow, Plagioclase, Plagioclase olivine clinopyroxene, Propagating, Rift, Seapso, Segment, Sinton, Sio2, Skeletal microphenocrysts, Sodic, Station number, Subduction, Tio2, Triple junction, Triple junction area, Variation diagrams.
Abstract
Abstract: The North Fiji Basin (NFB) is a 12 m.y. old back-arc basin that has a complex multi-stage history. The presently active spreading system can be divided into four segments between 16°S and 22°S, which from north to south trend N160, N15 and N-S (the fourth segment is the N-S trending segment located near 174E). The main N-S segment is morphologically similar to other medium-rate oceanic ridges, whereas the other segments have rougher morphologies which have been severely disturbed by a triple junction at 16°45S and several instability features such as overlapping spreading centres (OSCs) and propagating rifts. The spreading rate seems to diminish from 7.8 cm/yr near 20°S to 4.6 cm/yr near 18°S. Mineralogical, pertological and geochemical data were obtained on 24 new stations located along all the four segments. The petrogenesis of the basalts collected is essentially controlled by low-pressure crystal fractionation of plagioclase±olivine±clinopyroxene (plagioclase>olivine>clinopyroxene) with 52% of the NFB basalts reaching the four-phase cotectic. Locally, some magma mixing occurs, but this is limited to magma batches of closely related composition, as might be expected to occur inside a magma reservoir. The N-S segment, which, since 3 m.y., is the only steady-state segment, is also petrologically and geochemically very comparable to other medium-rate oceanic spreading centres, producing moderately evolved LILE and LREE-depleted N-MORB. In contrast, the three other segments produce basalts of much more variable petrology and geochemistry characterized by LILE and slightly LREE-enriched magmas cf back-arc basin basalt (BABB) affinity (but not as enriched as, for example, the Mariana BABB); MORB is, however, also found on the N160, N15 and 174E segments. Diagrams using Ba, Rb, K/P and (K/Ti)N (Normalized to the chondrites) plotted against latitude clearly show along-strike variations. Beneath the recently formed segments, the mantle source is heterogeneous, and locally has some BABB affinities, whereas beneath the more steady-state N-S segment the magma source is more homogeneous, being generally depleted in LILE and REE as is the case for classical N-MORB mantle sources. Simple evolution from an early stage of BABB production to MORB described in the Lau basin and proposed for the NFB does not seem to occur. Present-day activity still produces large amounts of BABB along the less-stable and more recently created segments, and MORB was produced in the earlier stages of the development of the NFB.
Url:
DOI: 10.1016/0025-3227(91)90104-C
Affiliations:
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Le document en format XML
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<profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Acad</term>
<term>Aphyric</term>
<term>Approximate location</term>
<term>Auzende</term>
<term>Axial</term>
<term>Axial graben</term>
<term>Axial ridge</term>
<term>Babb</term>
<term>Babb affinity</term>
<term>Babb field</term>
<term>Basalt</term>
<term>Basaltic</term>
<term>Basaltic pillow</term>
<term>Basin</term>
<term>Bassin</term>
<term>Brest</term>
<term>Bretagne</term>
<term>Bretagne occidentale</term>
<term>Bulk rock</term>
<term>Bulk rock analyses</term>
<term>Bulk rock compositions</term>
<term>Calcic</term>
<term>Centre</term>
<term>Clinopyroxene</term>
<term>Complete disequilibrium</term>
<term>Cruise</term>
<term>Crust</term>
<term>Crystal fractionation</term>
<term>Disequilibrium</term>
<term>Eissen</term>
<term>Euhedral</term>
<term>Fiji</term>
<term>Fiji basin</term>
<term>Geochemical</term>
<term>Geochemistry</term>
<term>Geological survey</term>
<term>Glass compositions</term>
<term>Graben</term>
<term>Hebrides</term>
<term>Host glass</term>
<term>Illow</term>
<term>Jean charcot</term>
<term>Kaiyo</term>
<term>Kroenke</term>
<term>Lafoy</term>
<term>Lava</term>
<term>Magma</term>
<term>Magma batches</term>
<term>Maillet</term>
<term>Mantle source</term>
<term>Mariana</term>
<term>Mariana trough</term>
<term>Melchior</term>
<term>Microphenocrysts</term>
<term>Microprobe</term>
<term>Mineral resources</term>
<term>Morb</term>
<term>Morbs</term>
<term>Morphology</term>
<term>Occidentale</term>
<term>Olivine</term>
<term>Olivine phenocrysts</term>
<term>Other samples</term>
<term>Other segments</term>
<term>Pelletier</term>
<term>Petrol</term>
<term>Petrology</term>
<term>Phenocryst</term>
<term>Phenocrysts</term>
<term>Phyric</term>
<term>Phyric basalts</term>
<term>Pillow</term>
<term>Plagioclase</term>
<term>Plagioclase olivine clinopyroxene</term>
<term>Propagating</term>
<term>Rift</term>
<term>Seapso</term>
<term>Segment</term>
<term>Sinton</term>
<term>Sio2</term>
<term>Skeletal microphenocrysts</term>
<term>Sodic</term>
<term>Station number</term>
<term>Subduction</term>
<term>Tio2</term>
<term>Triple junction</term>
<term>Triple junction area</term>
<term>Variation diagrams</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="Teeft" xml:lang="en"><term>Acad</term>
<term>Aphyric</term>
<term>Approximate location</term>
<term>Auzende</term>
<term>Axial</term>
<term>Axial graben</term>
<term>Axial ridge</term>
<term>Babb</term>
<term>Babb affinity</term>
<term>Babb field</term>
<term>Basalt</term>
<term>Basaltic</term>
<term>Basaltic pillow</term>
<term>Basin</term>
<term>Bassin</term>
<term>Brest</term>
<term>Bretagne</term>
<term>Bretagne occidentale</term>
<term>Bulk rock</term>
<term>Bulk rock analyses</term>
<term>Bulk rock compositions</term>
<term>Calcic</term>
<term>Centre</term>
<term>Clinopyroxene</term>
<term>Complete disequilibrium</term>
<term>Cruise</term>
<term>Crust</term>
<term>Crystal fractionation</term>
<term>Disequilibrium</term>
<term>Eissen</term>
<term>Euhedral</term>
<term>Fiji</term>
<term>Fiji basin</term>
<term>Geochemical</term>
<term>Geochemistry</term>
<term>Geological survey</term>
<term>Glass compositions</term>
<term>Graben</term>
<term>Hebrides</term>
<term>Host glass</term>
<term>Illow</term>
<term>Jean charcot</term>
<term>Kaiyo</term>
<term>Kroenke</term>
<term>Lafoy</term>
<term>Lava</term>
<term>Magma</term>
<term>Magma batches</term>
<term>Maillet</term>
<term>Mantle source</term>
<term>Mariana</term>
<term>Mariana trough</term>
<term>Melchior</term>
<term>Microphenocrysts</term>
<term>Microprobe</term>
<term>Mineral resources</term>
<term>Morb</term>
<term>Morbs</term>
<term>Morphology</term>
<term>Occidentale</term>
<term>Olivine</term>
<term>Olivine phenocrysts</term>
<term>Other samples</term>
<term>Other segments</term>
<term>Pelletier</term>
<term>Petrol</term>
<term>Petrology</term>
<term>Phenocryst</term>
<term>Phenocrysts</term>
<term>Phyric</term>
<term>Phyric basalts</term>
<term>Pillow</term>
<term>Plagioclase</term>
<term>Plagioclase olivine clinopyroxene</term>
<term>Propagating</term>
<term>Rift</term>
<term>Seapso</term>
<term>Segment</term>
<term>Sinton</term>
<term>Sio2</term>
<term>Skeletal microphenocrysts</term>
<term>Sodic</term>
<term>Station number</term>
<term>Subduction</term>
<term>Tio2</term>
<term>Triple junction</term>
<term>Triple junction area</term>
<term>Variation diagrams</term>
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<keywords scheme="Wicri" type="geographic" xml:lang="fr"><term>Fidji</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="Wicri" type="topic" xml:lang="fr"><term>Géochimie</term>
<term>Ressource minérale</term>
<term>Essence</term>
<term>Pétrologie</term>
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<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Abstract: The North Fiji Basin (NFB) is a 12 m.y. old back-arc basin that has a complex multi-stage history. The presently active spreading system can be divided into four segments between 16°S and 22°S, which from north to south trend N160, N15 and N-S (the fourth segment is the N-S trending segment located near 174E). The main N-S segment is morphologically similar to other medium-rate oceanic ridges, whereas the other segments have rougher morphologies which have been severely disturbed by a triple junction at 16°45S and several instability features such as overlapping spreading centres (OSCs) and propagating rifts. The spreading rate seems to diminish from 7.8 cm/yr near 20°S to 4.6 cm/yr near 18°S. Mineralogical, pertological and geochemical data were obtained on 24 new stations located along all the four segments. The petrogenesis of the basalts collected is essentially controlled by low-pressure crystal fractionation of plagioclase±olivine±clinopyroxene (plagioclase>olivine>clinopyroxene) with 52% of the NFB basalts reaching the four-phase cotectic. Locally, some magma mixing occurs, but this is limited to magma batches of closely related composition, as might be expected to occur inside a magma reservoir. The N-S segment, which, since 3 m.y., is the only steady-state segment, is also petrologically and geochemically very comparable to other medium-rate oceanic spreading centres, producing moderately evolved LILE and LREE-depleted N-MORB. In contrast, the three other segments produce basalts of much more variable petrology and geochemistry characterized by LILE and slightly LREE-enriched magmas cf back-arc basin basalt (BABB) affinity (but not as enriched as, for example, the Mariana BABB); MORB is, however, also found on the N160, N15 and 174E segments. Diagrams using Ba, Rb, K/P and (K/Ti)N (Normalized to the chondrites) plotted against latitude clearly show along-strike variations. Beneath the recently formed segments, the mantle source is heterogeneous, and locally has some BABB affinities, whereas beneath the more steady-state N-S segment the magma source is more homogeneous, being generally depleted in LILE and REE as is the case for classical N-MORB mantle sources. Simple evolution from an early stage of BABB production to MORB described in the Lau basin and proposed for the NFB does not seem to occur. Present-day activity still produces large amounts of BABB along the less-stable and more recently created segments, and MORB was produced in the earlier stages of the development of the NFB.</div>
</front>
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<li>France</li>
<li>Japon</li>
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<region><li>Région Bretagne</li>
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<tree><noCountry><name sortKey="Eissen, Jean Philippe" sort="Eissen, Jean Philippe" uniqKey="Eissen J" first="Jean-Philippe" last="Eissen">Jean-Philippe Eissen</name>
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<country name="Japon"><noRegion><name sortKey="Nohara, Masato" sort="Nohara, Masato" uniqKey="Nohara M" first="Masato" last="Nohara">Masato Nohara</name>
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